The United States of America (also known as the United States or just “America”) is a federal constitutional republic comprised of 50 states and a federal region.The majority of the country (48 mainland US states and the federal region of Washington D.C.) is found in Central North America, between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.

It bordersCanada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is found onthe northwestern corner of the continent and has Canada to its east and Russia,across the Bering Strait, to its west. The state of Hawaii is a cluster ofislands in the middle of the Pacific. Also there is a lot of land that belongsto the USA in the Caribbean and Pacific (Guam, Porto Rico, The Virgin Islands,American Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands being the most important ofthese overseas lands.)

USA’s was officially established on the 4th?of July, 1776. It has a width of4.500 km spanning from the Pacific to the Atlantic Oceans. It is comprised ofmore than 9 million square kilometers with the addition of Alaska and Hawaii.Hawaii is 3.200 kilometers away from the mainland. Alaska is the largest of the 50 states. Thus Texas, found in the south of the mainland, comes second in size.

History
After the American continent was discovered by Europeans the Spanish, Portuguese, French and English took over the land, despite the fact that it was already in habited. After the Europeans took over more land and broadened their occupancy, the English sent migrants to form colonies. By the middle of the 18th century, they had become 13 colonies and these formed the basis of the United States of America.

The American continent presented many opportunities for a new life for many. Further down the track, this colonization policy turned into that of exploitation. The English colonies were serving the United kingdom in terms of industrial trade. The English were taxing the colonies. Eventually, the colonies sought out and identity for themselves, the population was increasing,the economy was becoming established and commerce was diversifying. There was also a difference in religious beliefs. Those from Europe developed conservative Protestantism.

Their politics, also, differed from that of the English. Each colony (with the exception of Pennsylvania) had two legislatures. The sub legislature that represented the colonies were chosen by proprietors and the upper legislature that represented the Kingdom was appointed by the King. The citizens of the colonies had also established courts and applied the English judicial system.

Between 1756 and 1763, England was at war with the alliance of Austria, France and Russia (The Seven Years War) and was affecting England’s coffers substantially.To decrease the extent of the toll, England introduced new taxes and these were met with enragement by the colonies. The colonies had had enough of not getting anything in return for their taxes. The high additional taxes of tea exportation triggered the fight for independence that had been bubbling under the surface since the 18th?century. The American Declaration of Independence was signed during the beginning of the war by George Washington,Thomas Jefferson and others on the 4th?of July, 1776; this was then known as The Day of Independence.

After the 6 year long war, the English, defeated by the Colonial? force under George Washington, retreated and with the Paris Treaty signed in 1783, accepted the independence of the 13 colonies. The liberated colonies then went on to form the United States of America, comprised of autonomous states in 1787.? In 1789 the Constitution was completed andaccepted, allowing for a new American identity. The 50 stars on the American flag, symbolize the 50 states.

The climatein the USA shows constant variability. The mountains along the east and west coasts block the oceanic weather from entering farther into the land, so aterrestrial climate is dominant.

Because the central areas are so elevated, the difference in degrees of weather between seasons isn’t too great. Although low pressure is dominant in the summer months, the humid weather from the oceans, unobstructed by the Appalachians,cause lots of rain. It rains less in the west.

The southern end of the coast on the Atlantic has more rain relatively, although the Northern area is cooler and has harsher winters.
The southern region that looks over Mexico is more open and flat, so tropical climates are dominant. The summers are hot and the winters warm. There is a lot of rain in every season. The Alaskan coastal region is affected by oceanic climates and despite this has severe cold weather inland.?

Government
The United States of America is a federal union comprised of 50 states. The central government is based in the District of Columbia and the constitution identifies the national governments main foundation; its authority and activities. Every state is responsible for every other process, according to their respective laws.? Every state, in the matter of government is split into cities, towns, townships and villages. Every state has its own elected governor.

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